Optimizing Employee Morale in the Workplace Through the Integration of Career Development, Job Satisfaction, and Work Environment Factors
Keywords:
career development, job satisfaction, work environment, work moraleAbstract
Researchers conducted this research at one of the companies in Surabaya. The research method uses associative methods which are used to determine the effect or relationship between two or more independent variables on the dependent variable. This study uses saturated sampling technique, which is a sampling technique when all members are used as samples so that there are 60 employees who will be sampled in this study. Primary data comes from questionnaires given to employees so that researchers obtain information based on employee responses which are used to prove the research hypothesis. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. This research resulted in four research findings: (1) it is proven that there is a partial and significant effect of career development on employee morale; (2) there is a real effect of job satisfaction partially and significantly to influence employee morale; (3) the work environment is also proven to have a partial and significant effect on employee morale; (4) career development, job satisfaction and work environment simultaneously and significantly can also affect employee morale.
References
Akinyele, S. T. (2007). A Critical Assessment of Environmental Impact on Workers Productivity in Nigeria. Research Journal on Business Management. 1(1), 50-61.
Al Hakim, Y. R., M. Irfan, R. Mardikaningsih, & E. A. Sinambela. (2019). Peranan Hubungan Kerja, Pengembangan Karir, dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan, Management & Accounting Research Journal, 3(2), 37-45.
Albrecht, S. L., A. B. Bakker, J. A. Gruman, W. H. Macey, & A. M. Saks. (2015). Employee Engagement, Human Resource Management Practices and Competitive Advantage: An Integrated Approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7-35.
Appelbaum, S. H., G. D. Iaconi, & A. Matousek. (2007). Positive and Negative Deviant Workplace Behaviors: Causes, Impacts, and Solutions. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 7(5), 586-598.
Ashmos, D. & D. Duchon. (2000). Spirituality at Work. Journal of Management Inquiry. 9(2), 134-145.
Beukes, C. J. (2009). The Relationship Between Employability and Emotional intelligence. Unpublished research report. Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, Pretoria.
Busck, O., H. Knudsen., & J. Lind. (2010). The Transformation of Employee Participation: Consequences for the work environment. Economic and Industrial Democracy. 31, 285-305.
Cottini, E., T. Kato., & N.W. Nielsen. (2009). Adverse Workplace Conditions, High Involvement Work Practices and Labor Turnover: Evidence from Danish linked employer-employee data’ (Discussion paper no.4587). The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn, Germany.
Danish, R. Q., S. Ramzan., & F. Ahmad. (2013). Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Work Environment on Organizational Commitment: Mediating role of self-monitoring. Advances in Economics and Business.1(4), 312-317.
Darmawan, D. (2018). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Kompetensi, Profesionalisme, Kedisiplinan, Pengembangan Karir, Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Loyalitas, Metromedia, Surabaya.
De Vos, A., K. Dewettinck, & D. Buyens. (2009). The Professional Career on the Right Track: A Study on the Interaction Between Career Self-Management and Organizational Career Management in Explaining Employee Outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 18(1), 55-80.
Dubrin, A. J. (2002). Fundamental of Organizational Behavior. Southwestern Publishing, Nashville.
Giacalone, R. A., & C.L. Jurkiewicz. (2003). Right from wrong: The influence of spirituality on perceptions of unethical business activities. Journal of Business Ethics,46(1),85-97.
Hart, D. W., & F.N. Brady. (2005). Spirituality and Archetype in Organizational Life. Business Ethics quarterly.15(3), 409-428.
Hasibuan, M. (1999). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Bina Aksara, Jakarta.
Heaton, D. P., J. Schmidt-Wilk., & F. Travis. (2004). Constructs, Methods, and Measures for Researching Spirituality in Organizations. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.
Herr, E. L., S.H. Cramer., & S.G. Niles. (2004). Career Guidance and Counselling Through the Lifespan: Systematic approaches. 6th edition. Prentice-Hall, London.
Jackson, S. E., & R.S. Schuler. (1985). A Meta-Analysis and Conceptual Critique of Research on Role Ambiguity and Role Conflict in Work Settings. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 33, 1–21.
Kinjerski, V., & B.J. Skrypnek. (2006). Measuring the Intangible: Development of the Spirit at Work Scale. In K.M. Weaver (Ed.), Proceedings of the sixty-fifth annual meeting of the Academy of Management.
Krishnakumar, S., & C.P. Neck. (2002). The “What,” “Why” and “How” of Spirituality in the Workplace. Journal of Managerial Psy¬chology,17, 153-164.
Leblebici, D. (2012). Impact Of Workplace Quality on Employee’s Productivity: case Study of a Bank In Turkey. Journal of Business, Economics & Finance. 1,1.
Milliman, J., A.J. Czaplewski., & J. Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace Spirituality and Employee Work Attitudes: An exploratory empirical as¬sessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management,16, 426-447.
Milliman, J., J. Ferguson., D. Trickett., & B. Conde¬mi. (1999). Spirit and Community at South¬west Airlines: An investigation of a spiritual values-based model. Journal of Organization¬al Change Management. 12, 221-233.
Mulya., Sukomo., & Kasman. (2019). Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir dan Motivasi Terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai (Studi pada DPPKB Kota Banjar). Business Management and Entrepreneurship Journal. 1(2), 240-251.
Nitisemito, A. (2002). Manajemen Personalia. Penerbit Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta.
Nurbudiyani. I. (2016). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya. Anterior Jurnal, 16(1),7-13.
Pareek, U., & T.V. Rao. (2010). Designing and Managing Human Resource System. 3rd edition. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
Pasaribu, P.D. (2017). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Semangat Kerja Karyawan Pada Cv. Jaya Karya Pekanbaru. JOM FISIP. 4(1), 1-15.
Putra, A. R., M. Hariani., D. Nurmalasari., M. Irfan., & Y. R. A. Hakim. (2020). Role of Work Environment and Organizational Culture to Job Performance. Journal of Islamic Economics Perspectives, 1(2), 1-12.
Rijalulloh, T., M.A.Musadieq, & M.S. Hakam. (2017). Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir Dan Promosi Jabatan Terhadap Semangat Kerja. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB), 51(2), 110-116.
Robbins, S. P. & M. Coulter. (2016). Manajemen. Edisi 13. Erlangga, Jakarta.
Robbins, S. P., & T.A. Judge. (2017). Organizational Behaviour, Edisi 13, Jilid 1, Salemba Empat, Jakarta.
Satria, S.N.A., A. Kartini sari putrid., & M. Makmur. (2016). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Semangat Dan Kegairahan Kerja Karyawan Pada Kantor Administrator. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Humaniora Indonesia.1(2), 83-93.
Schneider, D.S., & B.C. Vaught. (1993). A Comparison of Job Satisfaction between Public and Private [Electronic version]. Public Administration Quarterly. 17(1), 68-84.
Sell, L., & B. Cleal. (2011). Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, and Rewards: Motivational theory revisited. Labour. 52, 1-23.
Ting, Y. 1997. Determinants of Job Satisfaction of Federal Government Employees. Public Personnel Management. 26(3), 313-334.
Walker, J., & T. Gutteridge. (1979). Career Planning Practices: An AMA surveyreport. Amacom, New York.
Werner, A. (2007). Organizational Behaviour: A Contemporary South African Perspective. Van Schaick, Pretoria.
Werther, W. B., & K. Davis. (1996). Human Resources and Personnel Management. 5th edition. McGraw-Hill, Inc, United States of America.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Eli Retnowati, Didit Darmawan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Aan Wibowo, Agung Satryo Wibowo, Febrian Dirgantara, Didit Darmawan, Rafadi Khan Khayru, Eko Wahyudi, Arif Rahman, Legal Policy in Overcoming the Circulation of Cigarettes of No Cigarette Excise Tax Band , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (April)
- Sudja'i Sudja'i, Mohamad Farid, Wakid Evendi, Didit Darmawan, Agung Satryo Wibowo, The Effectiveness Of The Service Of Making a Trading Business License at The Investment Office of The One-Stop Integrated Service of Surabaya City , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (August)
- Adebayo Oluwatosin, Didit Darmawan, The Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being and Social Interaction: Reconstructing Social Exchange Theory in a Cross-Cultural Perspective , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (December)
- Abbas Sofwan Matlail Fajar, Ahmad Fauzi, Didit Darmawan, Arif Rachman Putra, Samsul Arifin, Transformation of Islamic Religious Education in the Digital Landscape and its Implications for Pedagogical Innovation , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (August)
- Faridi Faridi, Didit Darmawan, Rommy Hardyansah, Arif Rachman Putra, Agung Satryo Wibowo, Legal Protection for Online-Based Lending Consumers , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (October)
- Adi Putra Manggala, Kurnia Wijaya, Didit Darmawan, Terubus Terubus, M. Syaiful Anwar, Legal Review of the Implementation of Electronic Contracts and Protection of Parties in Digital Transactions in Indonesia , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (August)
- Erfan Mukhlas Ali, Febrian Dirgantara, Didit Darmawan, Legal Protection of Consumers in Online Transactions: A Case Study of Online Fraud in Indonesia , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (December)
- Reza Ahmad Zahid, Didit Darmawan, Reconceptualizing Digital Literacy Dimensions as Predictors of Academic Engagement and Success in Contemporary Higher Education , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (June)
- Didit Darmawan, Bayar Gardi, Digital-Oriented Leadership and Organizational Transformation: Fostering Operational Efficiency, Team Collaboration, and Innovation in the Digital , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (February)
- Deasenza Putra Hutama, Rommy Hardyansah, Didit Darmawan, Legal Protection for Digital Content Creators: A Case Study on Social Media Platforms , International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology: Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology (October)










